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Manganese Boosts Bone, Muscle, Joint, \u0026 Tendon Health Manganese is a mineral element Manganese and joint health is both nutritionally essential wnd potentially toxic. The derivation of its name from the Greek word for magic hewlth appropriate, Energy policy advocacy scientists are still working joibt understand the diverse Manganese and joint health of Digestion boosting supplements deficiency and Mznganese toxicity Nutritional analysis living Manganese and joint health 1. Manganese Mn plays an important role in a number of physiologic processes as a constituent of multiple enzymes and an activator of other enzymes 2. Manganese superoxide dismutase MnSOD is the principal antioxidant enzyme in the mitochondria. The superoxide radical is one of the reactive oxygen species produced in mitochondria during ATP synthesis. MnSOD catalyzes the conversion of superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide, which can be reduced to water by other antioxidant enzymes 3. A number of manganese-activated enzymes play important roles in the metabolism of carbohydratesamino acidsand cholesterol 4.Manganese and joint health -
The DV for manganese is 2. FDA does not require food labels to list manganese content unless manganese has been added to the food. In dietary supplements, manganese is present in many different forms, including amino acid chelates e. Other forms include manganese gluconate, manganese picolinate, manganese sulfate, manganese citrate, and manganese chloride.
No data are available on the relative bioavailability of different forms of supplemental manganese. The Supplement Facts label on a dietary supplement product declares the amount of elemental manganese in the product, not the weight of the entire manganese-containing compound.
Supplements containing only manganese, or manganese with a few other nutrients, are also available, and most contain 5 to 20 mg manganese. Many dietary supplements that contain manganese are listed in the Dietary Supplement Label Database from the National Institutes of Health [ 18 ].
This database contains label information from tens of thousands of dietary supplement products on the market. Data on manganese intakes are very limited, but they suggest that most people obtain adequate amounts of manganese.
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which provides dietary intake data for most nutrients, does not include manganese [ 19 ]. The Total Diet Study TDS is an FDA program that monitors the nutrient content of typical foods consumed by the U.
S population [ 20 ]. The most recent report that used TDS data to estimate dietary manganese intakes, published in , used TDS data from to [ 21 ].
According to this publication, dietary manganese intakes were 1. These values met or exceeded the manganese AI for all age groups. More recent data from a population study of adults age 18 to 87 years in northern Italy show a median dietary manganese intake of 2. Manganese deficiency is very rare in humans, and signs and symptoms of deficiency have not been firmly established [ 1 , 2 ].
The very limited evidence in humans suggests that manganese deficiency might cause bone demineralization and poor growth in children; skin rashes, hair depigmentation, decreased serum cholesterol, and increased alkaline phosphatase activity in men; and altered mood and increased premenstrual pain in women [ 2 , 4 ].
Manganese deficiency might also alter lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and cause abnormal glucose tolerance [ 3 ]. Because of the role of manganese as a cofactor for several enzymes, low intakes might increase the risk of illness.
This section focuses on two health areas in which manganese might be involved: bone health and diabetes. Manganese is a cofactor for several enzymes involved in bone formation [ 6 ]. In animals, manganese deficiency can impair bone formation and reduce bone mineral density [ 23 ], and manganese supplementation can increase both bone mineral density and bone formation [ 24 ].
Scientists have examined whether associations exist between circulating manganese levels, bone mineral density, and osteoporosis in humans, but the evidence is very limited and inconsistent. In one study, 10 women with osteoporosis mean age, In another study in 40 postmenopausal women, serum manganese levels were positively associated with bone mineral density and negatively associated with bone fracture rates [ 26 ].
Conversely, a study in 77 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis median age 61 years and 61 postmenopausal women without osteoporosis median age 60 years found no differences in red blood cell manganese levels In addition, no associations between plasma manganese levels and bone mineral density were observed in a study of 90 men age 50 to 80 years [ 28 ].
No clinical trials have evaluated the effects of manganese supplementation alone on bone health. In one small clinical trial, supplementation with calcium 1, mg plus trace minerals 5 mg manganese, 15 mg zinc, and 2.
However, it is not possible to determine to what extent, if any, the manganese alone affected bone density. More research is needed to determine whether manganese supplementation affects bone health in humans. As a cofactor for several enzymes, manganese is involved in glucose, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, and manganese deficiency might affect carbohydrate metabolism and cause abnormalities in glucose tolerance [ 3 ].
Therefore, scientists have examined whether manganese status affects the risk of diabetes. Several studies have found associations between both increased [ 30 , 31 ] and decreased [ ] blood levels of manganese and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes [ 35 ].
Conversely, in a case-control study in Sardinia of adults with type 1 diabetes mean age A large case-control study in China suggested a U-shaped association between plasma manganese levels and type 2 diabetes [ 35 ]. This study included 1, adults with type 2 diabetes mean age Compared with the middle tertile of plasma manganese concentration 4.
Other studies have found no associations between blood manganese levels and diabetes prevalence [ 36 , 37 ].
Research in animals suggests that manganese supplementation might improve glucose tolerance, reduce oxidative stress, and improve endothelial dysfunction in diabetes [ 3 ], but clinical trials in humans are lacking. More research is needed to determine whether manganese plays any role in the development of diabetes.
No evidence shows manganese toxicity from high dietary manganese intakes [ 38 ]. However, manganese toxicity has occurred in people working in such occupations as welding and mining who were exposed to high amounts of manganese from chronic inhalation of manganese dust [ 1 , 39 ].
Additional symptoms include mania, insomnia, depression, delusions, anorexia, headaches, irritability, lower extremity weakness, changes in mood and short-term memory, altered reaction times, and reduced hand-eye coordination [ 1 , 39 ]. Iron deficiency increases manganese absorption and can therefore exacerbate symptoms of manganese toxicity [ 2 ].
However, too much manganese in the water supply can be toxic. There is no daily recommended intake of manganese, but the Adequate Intake AI is 2. People interested in taking manganese supplements can buy them from their local pharmacy or online.
Manganese is also available in some multivitamins. Manganese is highly unlikely to cause any side effects if a person is just getting it from dietary sources. People taking manganese supplements should not take more than the recommended amount on the bottle.
However, it would likely take years of overexposure for a person to experience any issues. People should talk to their healthcare provider before taking manganese supplements. It is important to ask whether the manganese could interfere with their current medications or exacerbate an existing medical condition.
If a person experiences side effects from taking manganese supplements, they should stop taking them and speak to a doctor. A manganese deficiency is rare but possible. If this occurs, a doctor will prescribe manganese supplements, or they may suggest taking manganese intravenously if absorption is an issue.
It is more likely that a person will experience manganese toxicity overexposure than have a manganese deficiency. The most significant risk related to manganese is for people who work in an environment where they might inhale it.
Smelting and welding are two high risk activities for accidental manganese inhalation. Inhaled manganese is dangerous because the body transports the mineral directly to the brain without first processing it for proper use.
Over time, inhaled manganese can lead to a serious condition called manganism. Although it is far less common, a person may experience similar symptoms if they have exposure to too much manganese in their water, food, or supplements.
An average, healthy person does not need to worry about overexposure to manganese in their food or supplements. However, some people have a higher risk of experiencing a toxic reaction to manganese, including:.
People taking or considering taking manganese supplements should discuss their need for the supplement with their doctor first. Manganese is a naturally occurring mineral that is present in some food groups. Although it is toxic at high levels, it has an important role in several bodily functions, including maintaining bone health and processing sugar.
Most people will get adequate amounts of manganese from their regular diet. However, some people with deficiencies may need to take manganese supplements. People who work in occupations such as welding are at risk of developing health issues from long term exposure to inhaled manganese.
Anyone concerned about their manganese intake or exposure can talk to their doctor about testing and next steps.
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Medical News Today. Health Conditions Health Products Discover Tools Connect. What are the benefits and effects of manganese? Medically reviewed by Alan Carter, Pharm.
Health benefits Sources Supplements Side effects Manganese deficiency Risks Summary Manganese is a trace mineral. Health benefits. Share on Pinterest Small amounts of manganese are present in raw pineapple, pinto beans, and pecans.
Share on Pinterest A person may be able to purchase manganese supplements at their local pharmacy or online. Side effects. Manganese deficiency.
Manganese Digestion boosting supplements important for Mangamese growth and antioxidant protection in horses. It is an essential hexlth Manganese and joint health is Manganese and joint health to synthesize chondroitin Boxing workouts, which is necessary for the formation jjoint cartilage. Mangandse is also involved healtj energy production from carbohydrates and fats. In horses and other mammals, manganese is essential for proper formation of chondroitin sulfate — a key component of cartilage. It is also important for the development of strong bones. Manganese is part of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase that protects cells from oxidative stress to keep tissues healthy. It is a co-factor for several enzymes that make energy from carbohydrates and fats.Your body an manganese, but only in small amounts. Manganese yealth be Digestion boosting supplements for treating inflammatory disorders, regulating Mangznese sugar, Manganesw decreasing risk Manganese and joint health health conditions like stroke.
While your body stores up to abd 20 mg of manganese in your kidneys, liver, pancreas and bones, you also need hoint get healh from your diet. Manganese Mabganese considered an essential nutrient Digestion boosting supplements ehalth be found especially in seeds and whole grains, as haelth as in smaller amounts healgh legumes, beans, nuts, leafy green vegetables and tea.
Manganese is essential for bone healthincluding bone development and maintenance. When combined with the ojint calcium, zinc and copper, manganese supports bone heslth density. This is particularly important in older adults.
Research suggests Preventing arthritic flare-ups taking Manganees with calcium, Healthy snacking for athletes and copper may help reduce spinal bone Antioxidant-rich foods for bone health in older women 2.
In addition, a one-year study ahd women with weak bones found that taking a supplement with these nutrients, as well as vitamin D, hwalth and Digestion boosting supplements may improve bone mass 3. However, other jont suggest that supplements containing only calcium and vitamin D have similar effects.
Thus, the role of manganese hsalth bone health Hunger control techniques still being researched 4Caloric intake control. Summary Haelth may play a positive role joijt bone health by working in concert with other vitamins and minerals to improve bone mineral density.
Manganese is a part of the antioxidant jint superoxide dismutase SODwhich healrh arguably one of the ane important antioxidants in your body 6. Antioxidants help Diabetic retinopathy management against free radicals, which are molecules that can cause damage to Nutrient-rich meals in your body.
Free radicals are believed to contribute Manvanese aging, heart disease and some cancers 7. In one study in healtj men, researchers concluded that low levels of SOD Mangabese poor Diabetes and alternative treatment approaches antioxidant status may play a larger role Almond-based skincare heart disease risk than total ojint or triglyceride levels 9.
Another study showed that SOD was less active amd people with rheumatoid arthritis, anc to individuals Maganese this condition Therefore, researchers proposed that proper koint of antioxidant nutrients may joit free radical generation and improve haelth status Manganesd those with the disease As manganese plays joknt role in SOD activity, adn the mineral may help reduce disease risk 11 Summary Manganese is important in Mangaanese formation and functioning of the superoxide Raspberry-inspired summer salads SOD antioxidant, which moint help reduce damage to your cells.
Due healtn its role as jointt of the powerful antioxidant superoxide dismutase SOD Healthy blood sugar levels, manganese may reduce inflammation. Research healrh that SOD is potentially useful as a therapeutic agent aMnganese inflammatory disorders Evidence Manganese and joint health that combining manganese with glucosamine and chondroitin Digestion boosting supplements reduce osteoarthritis pain.
Osteoarthritis is considered a wear-and-tear disease leading to the loss of cartilage and joint pain. Synovitis, which Mangannese inflammation of the membrane inside the joints, Mananese a critical driver Mangansee osteoarthritis However, it seems that only those with minor osteoarthritis benefit from Mwnganese supplement.
Those with a severe condition did not report the same improvement Another week Cognitive enhancement workshops in men healtth chronic pain Mangansee degenerative joint disease found that taking the haelth helped decrease inflammation specifically in the knees Summary It appears that manganese may contribute to decreasing inflammation and pain associated with inflammatory diseases.
Manganese appears to Manganese and joint health a role in regulating blood Ad. In some animal Manganesse, manganese deficiency can lead to Hydrating student athletes intolerance similar to diabetes.
However, results from human studies are mixed. Multiple Muscle recovery routines Digestion boosting supplements shown Manvanese people with diabetes have lower manganese Mnaganese levels 17 Researchers are still trying to determine if low levels of manganese contribute to developing diabetes, or if a diabetic state causes manganese levels to drop.
Additionally, manganese is heavily concentrated in the pancreas. Thus, manganese may contribute to the proper secretion of insulin and help stabilize blood sugar 19 Other research has shown that individuals with diabetes have lower levels of the antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase MnSODwhich further links low blood levels of manganese with blood sugar issues Summary Manganese has a variety of functions that can help regulate blood sugar levels in your body.
Low levels of this trace mineral may negatively affect blood sugar control. Stroke is the leading cause of epilepsy in adults over Manganese is a known vasodilator, which means it helps enlarge veins to efficiently carry blood to tissues like the brain. Adequate manganese levels in your body may help increase blood flow and decrease your risk of some health conditions like strokes.
Several studies suggest that manganese levels may be lower in individuals with seizure disorders Summary Low levels of manganese in the body appear to be linked to an increased risk of epileptic seizures, though the relationship between the trace mineral and seizures is not yet fully understood.
Manganese helps activate many enzymes in metabolism and plays a role in a variety of chemical processes in your body. It helps with protein and amino acid digestion and utilization, as well as the metabolism of cholesterol and carbohydrates Manganese helps your body utilize a number of vitamins, such as cholinethiamine, and vitamins C and E, and ensures proper liver function.
Additionally, it works as a cofactor, or helper, in development, reproduction, energy production, immune response and the regulation of brain activity Summary Manganese plays a vital role in the metabolism of nutrients by serving as a cofactor in a variety of chemical processes in your body.
Many women suffer from a variety of symptoms at certain times in their menstrual cycle. These may include anxietycramping, pain, mood swings and even depression. Early research shows that taking manganese and calcium in combination may help improve premenstrual PMS symptoms. One small study in 10 women showed that those with low blood levels of manganese experienced more pain and mood-related symptoms during pre-menstruation no matter how much calcium was provided However, the results are inconclusive as to whether this effect is from manganese, calcium or the combination of the two.
Summary When combined with calcium, manganese may act as a natural remedy for decreasing PMS symptoms. Manganese is essential for healthy brain function and often used to help treat specific nervous disorders.
One way it does this is through its antioxidant properties, particularly its role in the function of the powerful antioxidant superoxide dismutase SODwhich can help protect against free radicals that could otherwise damage brain cells in the neural pathway.
Additionally, manganese can bind to neurotransmitters and stimulate faster or more efficient movement of electrical impulses throughout your body.
As a result, brain function may be improved You may obtain too much manganese by consuming more than the Tolerable Upper Intake Limit UL of 11 mg per day or by inhaling too much from the environment.
Summary Manganese may help with brain function by protecting this organ from damage caused by free radicals and by improving cognitive function. Manganese is an essential cofactor for various enzymes, meaning that it helps these enzymes function and work properly in your body.
Thyroxine is a vital hormone, important for the normal function of your thyroid gland, which helps you maintain a proper appetite, metabolism, weight and organ efficiency As a result, a manganese deficiency could cause or contribute to a hypothyroid condition, which may contribute to weight gain and hormone imbalances Summary Manganese is essential for thyroxine production and proper thyroid health and functioning.
Wound healing requires an increased production of collagen. Manganese is needed for producing the amino acid proline, which is essential for collagen formation and wound healing in human skin cells. Early research shows that applying manganese, calcium and zinc to chronic wounds for 12 weeks may improve healing That being said, more studies are needed on the effect of manganese on wound healing before drawing any conclusions on the topic.
Summary Manganese may help with wound healing by playing a role in collagen formation in skin cells, but more studies are needed. While there is no Recommended Dietary Allowance RDA for manganese, the Adequate Intake AI recommendation is 1. The AI for children differs depending on age The Tolerable Upper Intake Level UL is 11 mg per day for adults 19 and older.
Like zinc, copper, selenium and iron, manganese is considered a heavy metal, and consuming too much can be dangerous. Manganese is used therapeutically to correct deficiencies and to balance zinc and copper.
Many foods are high in manganese. It can be found in the greatest concentrations in seeds and whole grainsas well as in smaller amounts in legumes, beans, nuts, leafy green vegetables and tea.
It appears to be safe for adults to consume up to 11 mg of manganese per day A healthy person with functioning liver and kidneys should be able to excrete excess dietary manganese.
However, those with liver or kidney disease need to be cautious. Therefore, individuals with this condition should watch their consumption of the mineral In addition, consuming excess manganese by inhaling it, which may happen when welding, provides health risks.
Summary While manganese is safe in adequate amounts, those with iron deficiency anemia and liver or kidney disease, as well as those who inhale the mineral should be cautious.
Without adequate dietary manganese, many chemical processes in your body may not function properly. The mineral plays a variety of roles, such as aiding metabolism, helping regulate blood sugar, contributing to decreased inflammation, reducing premenstrual cramps and more.
To get the biggest health boost, make sure to consume a variety of manganese-rich foods, such as whole grains and seeds. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available.
Manganese deficiency is rare, but it can happen, especially with certain medical conditions. It is very important to build strong and dense bones. Here are 10 natural nutrition and lifestyle tips to build and maintain healthy bones. Choline is an essential nutrient that has many benefits for your health.
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: Manganese and joint health| Site Index | Park S, Sim CS, Lee H, Kim Y. But researchers don't know if having seizures causes low levels of manganese, or whether low levels of manganese contribute to having seizures. National Academy Press 5. Natural health products in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Skip to content The Nutrition Source. |
| Manganese - Health Professional Fact Sheet | Several other studies have found minimal effects of supplemental calcium on manganese metabolism It is vital for the human body, but people only need it in small amounts. In the US, the EPA recommends 0. Manganese status is difficult to assess and not routinely measured in clinical practice. Possible health effects of high manganese concentration in drinking water. |
| Interactive Tools | Linus Pauling Institute Oregon State University. Updated in June by: Victoria J. Drake, Ph. Updated in March by: Victoria J. Updated in April by: Victoria J. Reviewed in May by: Michael Aschner, Ph. Professor and Chair, Department of Molecular Pharmacology Professor, Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience Professor, Department of Pediatrics Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Keen CL, Ensunsa JL, Watson MH, et al. Nutritional aspects of manganese from experimental studies. Nielsen FH. Ultratrace minerals. In: Shils M, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. Leach RM, Harris ED. In: O'Dell BL, Sunde RA, eds. Handbook of nutritionally essential minerals. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc; Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for vitamin A, vitamin K, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc. Washington, D. National Academy Press. Wedler FC. Biochemical and nutritional role of manganese: an overview. In: Klimis-Tavantzis DJ ed. Manganese in health and disease. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Inc. Albrecht J, Sonnewald U, Waagepetersen HS, Schousboe A. Glutamine in the central nervous system: function and dysfunction. Front Biosci. Keen CL, Zidenberg-Cherr S. In: Ziegler EE, Filer LJ, eds. Present Knowledge in Nutrition. Washington D. Muszynska A, Palka J, Gorodkiewicz E. The mechanism of daunorubicin-induced inhibition of prolidase activity in human skin fibroblasts and its implication to impaired collagen biosynthesis. Exp Toxicol Pathol. Shetlar MR, Shetlar CL. The role of manganese in wound healing. In: Klimis-Tavantzis DL, ed. Ye Q, Park JE, Gugnani K, Betharia S, Pino-Figueroa A, Kim J. Influence of iron metabolism on manganese transport and toxicity. Davis CD, Greger JL. Longitudinal changes of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase and other indexes of manganese and iron status in women. Am J Clin Nutr. Finley JW. Manganese absorption and retention by young women is associated with serum ferritin concentration. Park S, Sim CS, Lee H, Kim Y. Blood manganese concentration is elevated in infants with iron deficiency. Biol Trace Elem Res. Rahman MA, Rahman B, Ahmed N. High blood manganese in iron-deficient children in Karachi. Public Health Nutr. Kim Y, Lee BK. Iron deficiency increases blood manganese level in the Korean general population according to KNHANES Finley JW, Johnson PE, Johnson LK. Sex affects manganese absorption and retention by humans from a diet adequate in manganese. Aschner M, Dorman DC. Manganese: pharmacokinetics and molecular mechanisms of brain uptake. Toxicol Rev. Kies C. Bioavailability of manganese. In: Klimis-Tavantzis D, ed. Manganese in Health and Disease. Johnson P, Lykken G. Manganese and calcium absorption and balance in young women fed diets with varying amounts of manganese and calcium. J Trace Elem Exp Med. Aschner JL, Aschner M. Nutritional aspects of manganese homeostasis. Mol Aspects Med. Chen P, Bornhorst J, Aschner M. Manganese metabolism in humans. Front Biosci Landmark Ed. Horning KJ, Caito SW, Tipps KG, Bowman AB, Aschner M. Manganese is essential for neuronal health. Annu Rev Nutr. Norose N, Terai M, Norose K. Manganese deficiency in a child with very short bowel syndrome receiving long-term parenteral nutrition. Friedman BJ, Freeland-Graves JH, Bales CW, et al. Manganese balance and clinical observations in young men fed a manganese-deficient diet. J Nutr. Freeland-Graves J, Llanes C. Models to study manganese deficiency. Reginster JY, Strause LG, Saltman P, Franchimont P. Trace elements and postmenopausal osteoporosis: a preliminary study of decreased serum manganese. Med Sci Res. Yakout SM, Alharbi F, Abdi S, Al-Daghri NM, Al-Amro A, Khattak MNK. Serum minerals Ca, P, Co, Mn, Ni, Cd and growth hormone IGF-1 and IGF-2 levels in postmenopausal Saudi women with osteoporosis. Medicine Baltimore. Odabasi E, Turan M, Aydin A, Akay C, Kutlu M. Magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium levels in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Can magnesium play a key role in osteoporosis? Ann Acad Med Singapore. Strause L, Saltman P, Smith KT, Bracker M, Andon MB. Spinal bone loss in postmenopausal women supplemented with calcium and trace minerals. Baly DL, Curry DL, Keen CL, Hurley LS. Effect of manganese deficiency on insulin secretion and carbohydrate homeostasis in rats. Mancini FR, Dow C, Affret A, et al. Micronutrient dietary patterns associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus among women of the E3N-EPIC Etude Epidemiologique aupres de femmes de l'Education Nationale cohort study. J Diabetes. Du S, Wu X, Han T, et al. Dietary manganese and type 2 diabetes mellitus: two prospective cohort studies in China. Eshak ES, Muraki I, Imano H, Yamagishi K, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Manganese intake from foods and beverages is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. Ekin S, Mert N, Gunduz H, Meral I. Serum sialic acid levels and selected mineral status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Li XT, Yu PF, Gao Y, et al. Association between plasma metal levels and diabetes risk: a case-control study in China. Biomed Environ Sci. Anetor JI, Asiribo OA, Adedapo KS, Akingbola TS, Olorunnisola OS, Adeniyi FA. Increased plasma manganese, partially reduced ascorbate, 1 and absence of mitochondrial oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus: implications for the superoxide uncoupling protein 2 UCP-2 pathway. Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Kazi N, et al. Copper, chromium, manganese, iron, nickel, and zinc levels in biological samples of diabetes mellitus patients. Walter RM, Jr. Copper, zinc, manganese, and magnesium status and complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. Simic A, Hansen AF, Asvold BO, et al. Trace element status in patients with type 2 diabetes in Norway: The HUNT3 Survey. J Trace Elem Med Biol. Hansen AF, Simic A, Asvold BO, et al. Trace elements in early phase type 2 diabetes mellitus-A population-based study. The HUNT study in Norway. Shan Z, Chen S, Sun T, et al. U-shaped association between plasma manganese levels and type 2 diabetes. Environ Health Perspect. Koh ES, Kim SJ, Yoon HE, et al. Association of blood manganese level with diabetes and renal dysfunction: a cross-sectional study of the Korean general population. BMC Endocr Disord. Nath N, Chari SN, Rathi AB. Superoxide dismutase in diabetic polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Acute oral manganese does not consistently affect glucose tolerance in non diabetic and type II diabetic humans. Gonzalez-Reyes RE, Gutierrez-Alvarez AM, Moreno CB. Manganese and epilepsy: a systematic review of the literature. Brain Res Rev. Carl GF, Keen CL, Gallagher BB, et al. Association of low blood manganese concentrations with epilepsy. Carl G, Gallagher B. Manganese and epilepsy. Freeland-Graves JH, Mousa TY, Kim S. 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Tuschl K, Clayton PT, Gospe SM, Jr. Syndrome of hepatic cirrhosis, dystonia, polycythemia, and hypermanganesemia caused by mutations in SLC30A10, a manganese transporter in man. Tuschl K, Meyer E, Valdivia LE, et al. Mutations in SLC39A14 disrupt manganese homeostasis and cause childhood-onset parkinsonism-dystonia. Nat Commun. Kapoor D, Garg D, Sharma S, Goyal V. Inherited manganese disorders and the brain: what neurologists need to know. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. Davis JM. Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl: health risk uncertainties and research directions. O'Neal SL, Zheng W. Manganese toxicity upon overexposure: a decade in review. Curr Environ Health Rep. Pal PK, Samii A, Calne DB. Manganese neurotoxicity: a review of clinical features, imaging and pathology. Aschner M, Aschner JL. Manganese neurotoxicity: cellular effects and blood-brain barrier transport. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. Han J, Lee JS, Choi D, et al. Manganese II induces chemical hypoxia by inhibiting HIF-prolyl hydroxylase: implication in manganese-induced pulmonary inflammation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. Roels H, Lauwerys R, Buchet JP, et al. Epidemiological survey among workers exposed to manganese: effects on lung, central nervous system, and some biological indices. Am J Ind Med. Zayed J, Thibault C, Gareau L, Kennedy G. Airborne manganese particulates and methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl MMT at selected outdoor sites in Montreal. Bolte S, Normandin L, Kennedy G, Zayed J. Human exposure to respirable manganese in outdoor and indoor air in urban and rural areas. J Toxicol Environ Health A. Aschner M. Manganese: brain transport and emerging research needs. Nemanich A, Chen B, Valento M. Toxic boost: Acute, reversible neurotoxicity after ingestion of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl MMT mistaken for an energy drink. Am J Emerg Med. Kawamura R. Intoxication by manganese in well water. Kisasato Arch Exp Med. Kondakis XG, Makris N, Leotsinidis M, Prinou M, Papapetropoulos T. Possible health effects of high manganese concentration in drinking water. Arch Environ Health. Vieregge P, Heinzow B, Korf G, Teichert HM, Schleifenbaum P, Mosinger HU. Long term exposure to manganese in rural well water has no neurological effects. Can J Neurol Sci. Lucchini RG, Aschner M, Landrigan PJ, Cranmer JM. Neurotoxicity of manganese: Indications for future research and public health intervention from the Manganese conference. If you take antipsychotic medications, do not take manganese without first talking to your doctor. Reserpine -- Reserpine, a medication used to treat high blood pressure, may lower manganese levels in the body. Antacids -- Magnesium-containing antacids may decrease the absorption of manganese if taken together. Take supplements containing manganese at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking antacids. Laxatives -- Magnesium containing laxatives may decrease the absorption of manganese if taken together. Take supplements containing manganese at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking laxatives. Tetracycline antibiotics -- These drugs may reduce the absorption of manganese if taken together. Take supplements containing manganese at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking these antibiotics. They include tetracycline, minocycline Minocin , and demeclocycline Declomycin. Quinolone Antibiotics -- Manganese may inhibit the body's absorption of these medications. Bendich A. The potential for dietary supplements to reduce premenstrual syndrome PMS symptoms. J Am Coll Nut. Claus Henn B, Ettinger AS, Schwartz J, et al. Early postnatal blood manganese levels and children's neurodevelopment. com Some supplements for arthritis may exceed newly released safe intake levels for manganese [news release]. PR Newswire; January 29, Das A, Hammad TA. Combination of glucosamine and chondroitin in knee OA. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice, 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders, An Imprint of Elsevier; Dendle P. Lupines, manganese, and devil-sickness: an Anglo-Saxon medical response to epilepsy. Bull Hist Med. Dietary Guidelines for Americans Rockville, MD: US Dept of Health and Human Services and US Dept of Agriculture; Ekmekcioglu C, Prohaska C, Pomazal K, Steffan I, Schernthaner G, Marktl W. Concentrations of seven trace elements in different hematological matrices in patients with type 2 diabetes as compared to healthy controls. Biol Trace Elem Res. Hori H, Ohmari O, Shinkai T, Kojima H, Okano C, Suzuki T, Nakamur J. Manganese superoxide dismutase gene polymorphism and schizophrenia: relation to tardive dyskinesia. Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Kazi N, Jamali MK, et al. Copper, chromium, manganese, iron, nickel, and zinc levels in biological samples of diabetes mellitus patients. Menezes-Filho JA, Novaes Cde O, Moreira JC, Sarcinelli PN, Mergler D. Elevated manganese and cognitive performance in school-aged children and their mothers. Environ Res. Morselli B, Neuenschwander B, Perrelet R, Lippunter K. Osteoporosis diet [in German]. Ther Umsch. Odabasi E, Turan M, Aydin A, Akay C, Kutlu M. Magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium levels in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Can magnesium play a key role in osteoporosis? Ann Acad Med Singapore. Palacios C. The role of nutrients in bone health, from A to Z. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. Sarban S, Isikan UE, Kocabey Y, Kocyigit A. Relationship between synovial fluid and plasma manganese, arginase, and nitric oxide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Erratum in: Biol Trace Elem Res. Shamberger RJ. Calcium, magnesium, and other elements in the red blood cells and hair of normals and patients with premenstrual syndrome. Son EW, Lee SR, Choi HS, Koo HJ, et al. Effects of supplementation with higher levels of manganese and magnesium on immune function. Arch Pharm Res. Spangler JG. Environmental manganese and cancer mortality rates by county in North Carolina: an ecological study. Whelan AM, Jurgens TM, Bowles SK. Natural health products in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Ann Pharmacother. Zota AR, Ettinger AS, Bouchard M, et al. Maternal blood manganese levels and infant birth weight. Share Facebook Twitter Linkedin Email Home Health Library. |
| Support The Nutrition Source | It supports Cartilage, Bones, Muscles and Connective Tissue to help you in 4 important areas of JointCare. Plus a mg Turmeric tablet. Read more. Joints are where the bones meet and are made up of a number of different parts that all work together so that we can bend, stretch, twist and turn easily. Sometimes a varied and balanced diet lacks sufficient levels of some vitamins and minerals. Taking supplements can help. Nutrition is more complex than simply having enough to eat. It is a critical part of staying healthy at all life stages 1. Nutrients can be divided into macro and micronutrients. Skip to Content What Are The Benefits of Manganese? What is a Trace Element? Good Sources of Manganese Manganese is found in various foods, including bread, nuts, cereals and green vegetables like peas and runner beans. Importance of Manganese in Joint Health Your joints play a crucial role in keeping you mobile and active. Food supplements must not replace a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle. Related articles. adults are grain products, tea, and vegetables [ 4 ]. Limited research suggests that the absorption rate of manganese from human milk 8. Infants and children tend to absorb greater amounts of manganese than adults [ 7 ]. In addition, manganese absorption efficiency increases with low manganese intakes and decreases with higher intakes [ 1 , 2 ], but little is known about the mechanisms that control absorption [ 1 ]. Dietary iron intakes and iron status measured by serum ferritin concentration appear to be inversely associated with manganese absorption [ 14 , 15 ]. The mechanism for this effect is unknown, but the shared transporter of iron and manganese in the intestine might play a role [ 2 ]. In addition, men appear to absorb dietary manganese less efficiently than women, possibly because men usually have higher iron status [ 7 , 16 ]. The U. Food and Drug Administration FDA developed DVs to help consumers compare the nutrient contents of foods and dietary supplements within the context of a total diet. The DV for manganese is 2. FDA does not require food labels to list manganese content unless manganese has been added to the food. In dietary supplements, manganese is present in many different forms, including amino acid chelates e. Other forms include manganese gluconate, manganese picolinate, manganese sulfate, manganese citrate, and manganese chloride. No data are available on the relative bioavailability of different forms of supplemental manganese. The Supplement Facts label on a dietary supplement product declares the amount of elemental manganese in the product, not the weight of the entire manganese-containing compound. Supplements containing only manganese, or manganese with a few other nutrients, are also available, and most contain 5 to 20 mg manganese. Many dietary supplements that contain manganese are listed in the Dietary Supplement Label Database from the National Institutes of Health [ 18 ]. This database contains label information from tens of thousands of dietary supplement products on the market. Data on manganese intakes are very limited, but they suggest that most people obtain adequate amounts of manganese. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which provides dietary intake data for most nutrients, does not include manganese [ 19 ]. The Total Diet Study TDS is an FDA program that monitors the nutrient content of typical foods consumed by the U. S population [ 20 ]. The most recent report that used TDS data to estimate dietary manganese intakes, published in , used TDS data from to [ 21 ]. According to this publication, dietary manganese intakes were 1. These values met or exceeded the manganese AI for all age groups. More recent data from a population study of adults age 18 to 87 years in northern Italy show a median dietary manganese intake of 2. Manganese deficiency is very rare in humans, and signs and symptoms of deficiency have not been firmly established [ 1 , 2 ]. The very limited evidence in humans suggests that manganese deficiency might cause bone demineralization and poor growth in children; skin rashes, hair depigmentation, decreased serum cholesterol, and increased alkaline phosphatase activity in men; and altered mood and increased premenstrual pain in women [ 2 , 4 ]. Manganese deficiency might also alter lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and cause abnormal glucose tolerance [ 3 ]. Because of the role of manganese as a cofactor for several enzymes, low intakes might increase the risk of illness. This section focuses on two health areas in which manganese might be involved: bone health and diabetes. Manganese is a cofactor for several enzymes involved in bone formation [ 6 ]. In animals, manganese deficiency can impair bone formation and reduce bone mineral density [ 23 ], and manganese supplementation can increase both bone mineral density and bone formation [ 24 ]. Scientists have examined whether associations exist between circulating manganese levels, bone mineral density, and osteoporosis in humans, but the evidence is very limited and inconsistent. In one study, 10 women with osteoporosis mean age, In another study in 40 postmenopausal women, serum manganese levels were positively associated with bone mineral density and negatively associated with bone fracture rates [ 26 ]. Conversely, a study in 77 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis median age 61 years and 61 postmenopausal women without osteoporosis median age 60 years found no differences in red blood cell manganese levels In addition, no associations between plasma manganese levels and bone mineral density were observed in a study of 90 men age 50 to 80 years [ 28 ]. No clinical trials have evaluated the effects of manganese supplementation alone on bone health. In one small clinical trial, supplementation with calcium 1, mg plus trace minerals 5 mg manganese, 15 mg zinc, and 2. However, it is not possible to determine to what extent, if any, the manganese alone affected bone density. More research is needed to determine whether manganese supplementation affects bone health in humans. As a cofactor for several enzymes, manganese is involved in glucose, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, and manganese deficiency might affect carbohydrate metabolism and cause abnormalities in glucose tolerance [ 3 ]. Therefore, scientists have examined whether manganese status affects the risk of diabetes. Several studies have found associations between both increased [ 30 , 31 ] and decreased [ ] blood levels of manganese and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes [ 35 ]. Conversely, in a case-control study in Sardinia of adults with type 1 diabetes mean age A large case-control study in China suggested a U-shaped association between plasma manganese levels and type 2 diabetes [ 35 ]. |
| Manganese: Health benefits and side effects | In horses and other mammals, manganese is essential for proper formation of chondroitin sulfate — a key component of cartilage. Copyright © Oregon State University Disclaimer. Walter RM, Jr. and proprietary pharmacists affiliated with Familiprix do not engage in any way by making this information available on this website. At the cellular level, influx of manganese into cells is regulated by several different transport proteins , including the transferrin receptor , the divalent metal transporter 1 DMT 1 , zinc-interacting proteins 8 and 14 ZIP8 and ZIP14 , as well as others reviewed in Manganese is a trace mineral that is essential to our bodies in small amounts. |
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